What is Single Sign-On (SSO)?

Single Sign-On (SSO) is a secure authentication process that allows users to access multiple applications and services with a single set of login credentials. With SSO, users log in once and gain access to all the connected systems without needing to log in again for each one.

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How Does SSO Work?

SSO leverages a centralised authentication system to streamline the login process. Here’s how it works:

  1. User Request: When a user attempts to access an application, they are redirected to an SSO login page.
  2. Authentication: The SSO system checks the user’s credentials against a central identity provider (IdP).
    • If the user has already logged in and has a valid session, no further action is required.
    • If the user is not logged in, they are prompted to enter their credentials.
  3. Token Generation: Once authenticated, the IdP generates a secure token that is passed to the application.
  4. Access Granted: The application uses the token to verify the user’s identity and grants access.

Benefits of SSO

1. Enhanced User Convenience

  • Users no longer need to remember multiple usernames and passwords.
  • A single login unlocks access to all connected applications.

2. Improved Security

  • Reduces the risk of weak or reused passwords.
  • Enables centralised security controls like multi-factor authentication (MFA).

3. Increased Productivity

  • Minimises time spent on login issues, allowing users to focus on their tasks.
  • Simplifies onboarding and offboarding for IT teams.

4. Centralised Management

  • IT administrators can manage user access and permissions from a single dashboard.
  • Easily integrate and secure new applications as your organisation grows.

How SSO Fits Into Your Organisation

SSO is ideal for businesses and organisations of all sizes, especially those using multiple cloud services or internal applications. By integrating SSO, you can:

  • Streamline access for employees, partners, and customers.
  • Strengthen security across your digital ecosystem.
  • Simplify regulatory compliance with better audit trails.

Common SSO Protocols

SSO relies on industry-standard protocols to ensure compatibility and security:

  • SAML (Security Assertion Markup Language): Commonly used for enterprise applications.
  • OAuth/OpenID Connect: Often used for modern web and mobile apps.
  • Kerberos: Frequently implemented in on-premise systems.

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